Spot the Difference
Animals with changing faces - by Jörg Hillebrand and Bernd Schneider
Spot
Ode to Spot
Felis catus is your taxonomic nomenclature,
an endothermic quadruped, carnivorous by nature.
Your visual, olfactory, and auditory senses,
contribute to your hunting skills, and natural defenses.
I find myself intrigued, by your subvocal oscillations,
a singular development of cat communications,
that obviates your basic hedonistic predilection,
for a rhythmic stroking of your fur, to demonstrate affection.
A tail is quite essential, for your acrobatic talents.
You would not be so agile, if you lacked its counterbalance,
and when not being utilized to aid in locomotion,
it often serves to illustrate, the state of your emotion.
Oh Spot, the complex levels of behavior you display,
connote a fairly well developed cognitive array,
and though you are not sentient, Spot, and do not comprehend,
I nonetheless consider you, a true, and valued, friend.
Spot, Data's cat, first appears in TNG: "Data's Day" (fourth season) as a long-haired Somali cat. Spot is male (although we would need to observe very closely) and is referred to as "he". The Somali cat can be seen as Spot one more time in "In Theory".
Since TNG: "A Fistful of Datas" (sixth season) Spot is seen on several occasions as an American shorthair, with a brighter basic color than the Somali cat, and noticeably different due to the hair length and pattern. Moreover, in "Force of Nature" the cat is referred to as "she".
In the episode TNG: "Genesis" Spot even gives birth to kittens, just prior to a temporary mutation to an iguana. The fact that the kittens are not affected by the genetic mutation is the key to finding a cure for the condition.
Spot remains a shorthair cat in the two movies "Star Trek Generations" and "Star Trek Nemesis".
So what happens to the first Spot? Rather than making up weird theories we should simply assume that at some time during TNG the male Spot 1 was killed in an accident and Data replaced him with the female Spot 2.
An artificially created cat named Spot II appears in PIC: "Et in Arcadia Ego I". This too is a shorthair cat.
The illusory or symbolic Spot that appears in the mind of the android in PIC: "Surrender" is a shorthair cat. Spot is referred to as "he" and is reportedly played by a male cat.
Cat Breeds @ Wikipedia
Livingston
The Star Trek Encyclopedia identifies the lonely exotic fish in Picard's ready room, named for TNG and DS9 producer David Livingston, as an Australian lionfish. There are several species of lionfish, more precisely in the genus of pterois, and on close-ups it becomes apparent that Livingston must be a red lionfish (pterois volitans). The red lionfish is overall ochre with dark brown stripes. The fins and spikes are partially fasciated. Livingston appears many times in all seasons of TNG, from "Encounter at Farpoint" to "Bloodlines". The species remains largely consistent but there are exceptions.
Overall, there were at least four Livingstons, of whom three were the same species. Livingston 1.0, a red lionfish as already mentioned, appears since TNG: "Encounter at Farpoint" and in 25 more episodes until the beginning of season 3. The lifespan of the lionfish is more than ten years. However, Livingston 1.0 died over the weekend when the plug of his heating was pulled.
The fish tank then remained empty for seven episodes, until a replacement was found. Livingston 2.0 is another red lionfish and can be seen in 12 episodes until the beginning of season 4.
The reason why Livingston 2.0 was not available any more are unknown. Anyway, Livingston 3.0 debuts some time later in season 4 and can be seen in 6 episodes. This fish is the only one of a different species of lionfish, a radial firefish (pterois radiata). The radial firefish is more reddish, unlike the so named lionfish, and is overall darker and more colorful. Most notably, this fish lacks the characteristic stripes, especially on the fins. We can see the difference most clearly in TNG: "Devil's Due".
By the end of season 4 the Art Department may have found another member of the correct species. Livingston 4.0 (or maybe it is Lvingstone 2.0 again?) is a red lionfish and appears in as many as 40 episodes.
Like Spot and like everyone else on board, Livingston falls victim to the retro virus and mutates in TNG: "Genesis". We can see the protohumanoid that was Riker snatch at some sort of jellyfish in the aquarium while there is no sign of Livingston as we know him. Curiously, apparently the same jellyfish will reappear in VOY: "Hope and Fear".
Lionfish @ Wikipedia
Credits
Thanks a lot to Josh Wilder for the bit about Livingston in TNG: "Genesis".